REVISTA CIENTIFICA CIENCIA, SALUD Y SOCIEDAD

SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES OF BREAST CANCER IN THE YOUNG POPULATION

2025-01-02T17:22:37+00:00

Presenta una incidencia creciente a nivel mundial, las lesiones malignas en mama son causa de muerte temprana en poblaciones cada vez más jóvenes, debido a los múltiples factores de riesgo que están presentes en la población y al pobre desarrollo socioeconómico ¹.

El cáncer de mama está relacionado con factores de riesgo como: genéticos, estilo de vida, ambientales, estrés, factores laborales. Constituyéndose así el cáncer de mama como la primera causa de muerte en mujeres jóvenes ².

La escala y el perfil epidemiológico del cáncer de mama está cambiando en su dinámica a nivel mundial, convirtiéndose en un problema de salud pública en los países menos desarrollados, creando y aumentando los cordones de miseria debido a las tasas de niños que quedan huérfanos de madre de forma temprana. Esto, entre otras cosas, lesiona los núcleos familiares, que son los pilares de nuestra sociedad. Incrementando las necesidades de inversión pública para hacer frente a los problemas como deserción escolar, falta de alimentos, falta de cuidados de menores ³.

Sería recomendable aumentar los esfuerzos que tengan por objetivo la identificación, captación y seguimiento de la población femenina expuesta a los factores de riesgo de cáncer de mama, para una intervención temprana que modifique la tendencia actual al desarrollo temprano del cáncer de mama ^{4, 5}.

Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in MEDICINE students doing hospital internships in Villarrica.

2025-06-29T16:48:17+00:00

Objective: to determine the nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in medical students doing hospital internships. Methodology: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, descriptive study at the Universidad Católica Nuestra Señora de la Asunción Campus Guairá in the year 2023. The culture was obtained from nasal swab samples taken from 4th, 5th and 6th year students, these samples were cultured on mannitol agar, thus selecting gram-positive bacteria, then other confirmatory biochemical tests were performed for Staphylococcus aureus and finally the oxacillin susceptibility test was performed on Mueller Hinton agar with cefoxitin antibiotic discs to confirm the presence of MRSA in the studied population. Results: the number of infected persons was 22 out of 111, which corresponds to 19.8%, and the number of resistant persons was 8 out of 111, which corresponds to 7.2%. It was concluded that the MRSA carrier population was 36.4% (8/22) considering the 22 persons carrying methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Nosocomial outbreaks due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus may be preventable and controlled through measures such as carrier screening of healthcare personnel. Medical students who perform hospital internships are part of the population prone to be MRSA carriers because they are in permanent contact with infected patients or even with medical materials or equipment where this multidrug-resistant microorganism could be present.

Frequency of sharps accidents in 4th, 5th and 6th year dental students of the Universidad Autónoma del Paraguay.

2025-06-29T20:08:44+00:00

Sharps accidents are unforeseen events that are part of the development of dental practice. Handling sharp-edged instruments in a confined space, such as the oral cavity, increases the frequency of accidents in dental students. Worldwide, it is estimated that more than 35 million health care providers suffer accidental sharps injuries each year. The objective was to identify the frequency of sharps accidents in dental students in the fourth, fifth and sixth years of the Universidad Autónoma del Paraguay in the year 2025. Results: The occurrence of accidents with sharps was high in the students with 68.2%. The object most frequently related to these accidents was the exploratory probe with 44%, the students perceive the importance of using primary protection barriers in the various dental procedures. Conclusion: The frequency of sharps accidents in dental students is high.

Estimation of dental age in adults by means of the pulp-tooth area ratio in upper canines by means of periapical radiographs using the Cameriere method in a Paraguayan sample

2025-06-29T20:28:19+00:00

Objective: To estimate dental age in adults of Paraguayan nationality by analyzing the ratio of pulp/tooth area of upper canines using digital periapical radiographs (DRV) using the Cameriere method. Materials and methods: The sample was composed of 82 digital periapical radiographs, of which 34 were male and 48 were female, all of Paraguayan nationality and aged between 18 and 65 years. Data on sex and age of the selected DPOs (pulp-tooth ratio) were recorded in a blinded manner. Simple linear regression models were developed for age estimation. Results: The results show a total discrepancy of 28.19 (100%), of which 12.7 (45%) were from the male population and 15.49 (54.9%) were from the female population. The age estimation does not vary by sex, as observed in the results where it shows that in both sexes, the left upper canines (D23) are respectively the teeth able to provide a better age estimation, out of 12 male samples. Of 21 female samples, 13 (61.9%) correspond to D23. It is concluded that the evidence that the largest discrepancy observed in this study was 5.82 in a female sample, being considered a success, since a useful discrepancy is estimated within the range of 5 and acceptable when it is equal to or less than 10 in the field of Forensic Dentistry.

Level of knowledge about health risk habits in pregnant women attending the Regional Hospital of Villarrica in september 2023.

2025-06-29T21:59:23+00:00

maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state are acute complications of diabetes that endanger the life of the mother and fetus. Objective: To identify the level of knowledge about hypertension and diabetes during pregnancy by pregnant women attending the Villarrica Regional Hospital in September 2023. Methodology: The study is a quantitative observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study; the data collected will be analyzed in a determined period of time; where the records of the subjects who came to the prenatal clinic of the HRV will be analyzed. All pregnant women attending the HRV prenatal clinic were included in the study. Results: Through the surveys carried out on 13 pregnant women who came for control at that time, it was found that 77% were unaware of the implications of lifestyle on the development of Diabetes and Arterial Hypertension and of the severity of the same on pregnancy. Conclusion: According to the results, it was concluded that 77% of pregnant women did not know about healthy lifestyles that help to avoid the appearance of Arterial Hypertension and gestational Diabetes and therefore the consequences on their health and that of their child.

Estimation of bone maturation of cervical vertebrae in patients aged 8 to 16 years treated at the Hospital de Policía Rigoberto Caballero in the period 2014-2023.

2025-06-29T22:21:13+00:00

The objective of this study was to determine the cervical bone maturation stage using the Baccetti et al. method for patients treated at Rigoberto Caballero Police Hospital from 2014 to 2023. The material and method consisted of an observational, descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional epidemiological study. A total of 114 lateral skull radiographs were analyzed, 24 were discarded for not meeting inclusion criteria, 39 were from male patients, and 51 from female patients, aged 8 to 16 years. Variables considered were sex, age, peak pubertal maturation, and stage of cervical vertebrae. Results: Chronological age coincides with maturation stage for males as CS1 at 9 years, CS2 at 10-11 years, CS3 at 12-14 years, CS4 at 14 years, CS5 at 15 years, and CS6 at 16 years. For females, chronological age coincides with maturation stage as CS1 at 8 years, CS2 at 10 years, CS3 at 11-12 years, CS4 at 13 years, CS5 at 14-15 years, and CS6 at 16 years. It was concluded that the chronological age coincides with the maturation stage for the male sex, but the female sex presented a slight acceleration in its maturation stage

Oral manifestations in patients with Chikungunya in Asunción and cities of the Central Department.

2025-06-29T23:46:28+00:00

Objective: To describe the oral manifestations in patients who suffered from chikungunya in Asunción and cities of the Central Department. Method: The study was an observational descriptive cross-sectional study, a structured virtual questionnaire with sociodemographic data and 13 multiple choice questions was used to measure the established variables, the sample consisted of 184 patients who suffered from chikungunya under consent. Results: the most frequent oral manifestations were aphthous ulcers, dysgeusia, gingivitis, loss of taste, TMJ arthralgia, cheilitis, cervical lymphadenopathy, pain when opening the mouth, difficulty chewing, gingival bleeding, halitosis, dysphagia; and the less frequent oral ulcers, pigmentation of lips, tongue and palate, gingival edema, pain and burning in the mucosa, erythema, hypersalivation, all of which were present in greater or lesser percentage according to the different phases of the disease (acute, subacute and chronic). In relation to the sociodemographic characteristics, predominance of the age group 20-30 years, mostly female 79%, from the city of Asuncion, and level of education: university graduates. Conclusion: the main oral manifestations in the acute phase of the disease are predominance of aphthous ulcers, loss of taste, dysgeusia and gingivitis. In the subacute phase, gingivitis and TMJ arthralgia predominate; and in the chronic phase, TMJ arthralgia.

Efficacy of apical sealing in retrograde obturation using Biodentine, MTA Angelus cement and white Portland cement.

2025-06-30T11:04:27+00:00

Retrograde filling is a fundamental procedure in endodontic surgery, whose main objective is to achieve a hermetic apical seal that prevents microleakage and favors the success of the treatment. For this purpose, various materials have been developed with sealing properties that influence the repair and regeneration of periapical tissues. Among the most widely used are Biodentine, MTA Angelus cement and white Portland cement, which have differences in their composition, setting time, biocompatibility and sealing capacity. The present study carries out a bibliographic review and the compilation of data obtained in the Pubmed, Scielo, Google Scholar databases, with the aim of analyzing and comparing the efficiency of apical sealing of these materials in retrograde filling. To this end, its physical-chemical and biological properties are identified, the scientific evidence on its performance in terms of apical sealing and microfiltration is evaluated, and the results of previous studies are compared. The information collected will allow us to determine which of these materials offers better characteristics in terms of apical sealing, thus contributing to more informed decision-making in endodontic clinical practice. In conclusion, although all three materials are viable for retrograde filling, the literature points to Biodentine and MTA Angelus as the most effective options in terms of apical sealing, suggesting their preference in surgical endodontic procedures to improve treatment prognosis.

Apexification of a young traumatized tooth

2025-06-30T11:18:44+00:00

Apexification or apicoformation is a procedure performed on young permanent traumatized teeth, whose objective is apical closure through intracanal medication (MIC) with periodic changes, changing a calcified barrier that allows its subsequent conservative treatment. A 10-year-old male patient attended the consultation of the Pediatric Dentistry postgraduate clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of the National University of Asunción, due to trauma, as a result of an automobile accident on a bicycle, after the radiographic taking periapical in the affected area (anterosuperior), trauma with irreversible partial necrosis was established as diagnosed, opting as initial treatment, apical formation by Ca(OH)2, using the Frank technique, managing to create said apical stop after 9 months of treatment, with 2 medication changes as needed on a radiographic basis, then the endodontics was performed, its subsequent restoration, and a 3-year follow-up. With quite satisfactory and demonstrable results as it is an effective treatment for young permanent teeth or non-vital incomplete rhizogenesis (IR), despite the fact that the literature states that the prognosis of apexification with Ca (OH)2 is uncertain.