Frequency of Cancer and Associated Clinical Characteristics in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus from the Rheumatology Service of the Central Hospital of IPS, January to December 2023
Keywords:
Systemic lupus erythematosus, cancer, frequencyAbstract
Introduction: The relationship between systemic autoimmune diseases and cancer has been a topic of growing interest. In the case of systemic lupus erythematosus, previous studies have shown an increased incidence of certain types of cancer, possibly linked to chronic damage, immune dysfunction, and immunosuppressive treatments. However, the frequency and factors associated with cancer in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Latin America remain insufficiently explored. Objective: To determine the frequency of cancer and analyze associated factors in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treated at the Central Hospital of the Instituto de Previsión Social. Methods: An analytical observational study including patients diagnosed with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus treated between January and December 2023. Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic variables were collected. The association with a history of cancer was evaluated using chi-square and Mann–Whitney U tests. Results: A total of 193 patients were included, of whom 5.18% had a history of cancer. The variable significantly associated with cancer was the accumulated damage index (p=0.007). No significant associations were found with age, sex, disease activity, comorbidities, immunosuppressive therapies, tobacco or alcohol use, or autoantibodies. Conclusion: In this cohort, a history of cancer in SLE patients was associated with greater accumulated damage as measured by the SLICC index, underscoring the importance of early disease control to reduce long-term complications.
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